Blood pressure percentile of different age group of patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

Abstract

Objective: To determine the mean blood pressure (BP) of patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) presenting to tertiary care hospital. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Outpatient Department of Pediatrics, National Institute of Child health, Karachi, Pakistan. Period: June 2024 to November 2024. Methods: A total of 49 children of either sex, aged 5 to 15 years and established cases of CAH were analyzed. Demographic and clinical history of all the children were recorded at enrollment. Systolic and diastolic BP were measured thrice in succession at 1-minute interval, utilizing a mercury sphygmomanometer after the child had rested for a minimum duration of 10 minutes. Data were analyzed on “IBM-SPSS Statistics, version-26.0”. P-value <0.05 was used as statistically significant. Results: In a total of 49 children, 27 (55.1%) were female. The mean age was 8.85±2.87 years. The mean SBP, and DBP were recorded to be 120.02±18.19 mmHg, and 78.43±11.61 mmHg, respectively. Relatively older age group (11-15 years) was found to have significantly higher SBP (128.13±15.34 vs. 116.09±18.37 mmHg, p=0.028). Bivariate correlation analysis revealed significantly positive correlation (p<0.001) of SBP with age (r=0.636), height (r=0.654), weight (r=0.733), and body mass index (BMI) (r=0.700). DBP was having significant correlation (p<0.001) with age (r=0.577), height (r=0.645), weight (r=0.691), and BMI (r=0.606). Conclusion: Children with CAH exhibit elevated blood pressure levels, particularly with increasing age, height, weight, and BMI, underscoring the importance of regular cardiovascular monitoring in this population.