Histopathological patterns of ovarian neoplasms: A retrospective study from a Tertiary Care Centre in Pakistan.

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the histopathological patterns of ovarian neoplasms and compare findings with the national and international literature. Study Design: Retrospective Descriptive study. Setting: Department of Pathology, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi. Period: January 2019 to December 2023. Methods: Histopathological reports of all ovarian biopsies diagnosed as neoplastic lesions, were included. Data on age, marital status, presenting complaints, and tumour type were recorded and categorised per the WHO classification. Tumours were further grouped into epithelial, germ cell, and sex cord-stromal types. Age stratification was done into pre-reproductive, reproductive, and post-reproductive groups. Results: A total of 319 ovarian neoplasms were studied. The mean age was 37.35 ± 13.725 years, with most patients in the reproductive age group (71.5%). Benign tumours were predominant (77.4%), followed by malignant (17.8%) and borderline (4.7%) lesions. The most common benign tumour was mature teratoma (28.8%), followed by serous cystadenoma (22.2%) and mucinous cystadenoma. Conclusion: Ovarian neoplasms chiefly affect women in their reproductive age and are predominantly benign. The most common benign tumour was mature teratoma (28.8%), Histopathological evaluation remains crucial for diagnosis and management. Understanding these patterns can guide clinicians toward timely and effective treatment strategies.