Frequency of urinary metabolic abnormalities in children with renal stone disease.

Abstract

Objective: The key to preventing morbidity and long-term renal problems is thorough metabolic examination of every child with renal stones. This is meant to assist doctors in creating management protocols that include urine metabolic tests as a key component in an effort to stop stone recurrence. Study Design: Descriptive Cross Sectional study. Setting: Department of Paediatric, National Institute of Child Health, Karachi. Period: January 2021 to February 2022. Material & Methods: To determine how frequently local children with urolithiasis have metabolic problems. A total of 80 children who were aged 4 to 14 years and who had renal stones were included, while those suffering from chronic kidney diseases, liver and biliary tract diseases and children, receiving vitamin D supplementation are excluded. Urine samples were analyzed urinary uric acid, calcium, Demographics and metabolic abnormalities—hypercalciuria, hyperuricosuria analyzed. Results: The study analysis included 80 patients. Seventy one patients (88.8%) had metabolic abnormalities. Most frequent metabolic abnormality was hypercalciuria 60(75%) followed by hyperuricosuria in 52(65%) of participants. There was no significant association observed between metabolic abnormalities and age, gender and BMI classification. Conclusion: Metabolic abnormalities were found 88.8% of children presenting with urinary lithiasis. The most frequent abnormality observed was hypercalciuria followed by hyperuricosuria. Early identification helps manage such patients appropriately, mitigating long-term sequelae.