Ultrasound and first-trimester vaginal bleeding: A clinical study.

Abstract

Objective: To review the clinical indications and different causes of first-trimester vaginal bleeding by ultrasound. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Department of Radiology, Faisal Hospital, Faisalabad, Pakistan. Period: March 2022 to June 2022. Material & Methods: A total of 150 female patients aged between 16-45 years with vaginal bleeding in the first trimester (gestational age up to 12 weeks) were included in the study. Clinically tested patients were found to be sent for ultrasound examinations. Both clinical findings and ultrasound were related. The Chi-square test was used to measure the association between vaginal bleeding and gestational age. Results: In a study of 150 patients, it was estimated that 105 patients (70%) were pregnant with an assisted ultrasound. However, 80 patients (76%) out of 105, showed a variety of abortions; 32 (40%) were threatened abortion, 28 (35%) were incomplete abortions, 12 patients (15%) had a complete abortion, and 8 patients (10%) had blighted ovum. However, 25 patients (23.8 %) out of 105 showed different pregnancies; 15 (14%) patients were pregnant with ectopic and 10 patients (10%) were pregnant orally. Conclusion: It was concluded from the study that most cases were in the age group of 21-30 years (39%) as compared to the others. However, 80 cases (76%) were various types of abortions and 105 patients (70%) were multigravida. This study found an association between vaginal bleeding (abortion and ectopic pregnancy) and gestational age (<10 weeks and >10 weeks) which was found to be statistically significant (p=0.005).