A cross-sectional study to evaluate different dermoscopic patterns in the diagnosis of pityriasis versicolor.

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate dermoscopic patterns in the diagnosis of pityriasis versicolor. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Dermatology Department of Ghurki Trust Teaching Hospital, Lahore. Period: October, 2023 to May, 2024. Methods: Included 60 consecutive patients diagnosed clinically with pityriasis versicolor. Skin scrapings from the lesions were examined using potassium hydroxide (KOH). Woods lamp examination was done and the fluorescence was documented. Dermoscopy was performed using HEINDELTA 30 and images were recorded for analysis. Results: Non-uniform pigmentation was observed in all the representative lesions. Clearly defined borders were observed in 93.3% of cases, predominantly in the hypopigmented variant (41.7%). Inconspicuous ridges and furrows were identified in 68.3%. The halo sign was observed in 36.7% patients, predominantly in the hypopigmented variant (28.3%), while the contrast halo sign was noted in 8.3% chiefly in the hyperpigmented variant (33.3%). Folliculocentric pattern was present in 40% cases. Invasion of hair follicles was seen in 31.7% patients. Gender-based analysis of data showed a statistically significant higher frequency of non-uniform pigmentation, clearly demarcated borders, perilesional hyperpigmentation, invasion of hair follicles, and scaling in males compared to females. Vascular patterns i.e. linear branching and dotted pattern were significantly more common in older patients. Conclusion: Dermoscopy is a valuable, non-invasive tool for identifying characteristic patterns of pityriasis versicolor, thereby improving diagnostic accuracy. Key dermoscopic features, along with observed age and gender variations, can aid in early diagnosis and better clinical assessment.